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The role of army's effectiveness and loyalty in transitions of political regimes in Arab countries during the Arab Spring
Mičko, Branislav ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
The Arab spring largely transformed the entire Arab world. In almost every country a major or minor protests erupted against their respective regimes. However, results of these protests differ. An element present in every case is the effort of any given regime to suppress the protests violently. The aim of this work is therefore to study the extent to which the character of the particular armies affected the regime change in the examined states. To this end, the altered ends-ways-means paradigm is employed to identify the indicators used to establish the effectiveness and loyalty of the particular armies. Subsequently, the hybrid regimes typology is used to compare the changes in studied states and then define the degree of regime change. Finally, the Kendall rank correlation is utilized to determine the level of association between two examined phenomena. The results suggest a possibility of strong relation between the effectiveness and loyalty on one hand and regime change on the other. This result points to the need of further inquiry into the relation between army characteristics and democratisation processes and thus, even in spite of possible deficiencies in used indicators, partly contributes to the debate on army role in the authoritarian regimes in the Middle East.
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Regulation of media during the election campaign in Czechoslovakia in 1946 and 1990
Pařízková, Nikola ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Köpplová, Barbara (referee)
The thesis deals with election campaigns in media during founding elections in Czechoslovakia in 1946 and 1990. The importance of those elections derives from their character of being the first elections after a regime change. Based on a comprehension of historical context, characterisation of the media system related to regime change and particularly an analysis of specific expressions in election campaigns, the thesis aims to understand the functioning of media in given periods. The qualitative content analysis examines party newspapers of two relevant party bodies in given years - Rudé právo of Komunistická strana Československa and Svobodné slovo of Československá strana (národně) socialistická. The electoral campaigns in question largely reflect the dynamical processes associated with the period of transition. The concept of campaigns in 1946 is determined by the already established position of Komunistická strana Československa whose influence was wide. This party was controlling the functioning of media during elections even though the media system had already been emancipated after the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. In 1990 we can conversely observe peremptory campaigns calling for democracy. Campaigns reflect the controversial position of KSČ in this year - Svobodné slovo appeals to...
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Relation between the concept of humanitarian intervention and regime change: the case of Libya
Hanzal, Jaromír ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
Diploma thesis Relation between the concepts of humanitarian intervention and regime change: the case of Libya is concerned with the study of military interventions after 1989 in the context of current theoretical discourse. It's main goal is assessing the 2011 NATO operation Unified Protector. The key question of thesis is, whether the intervention, due to the extensive reading of UNSC Resolution 1973, mandate still can be described in the terms of humanitarian intervention concept (in accordance with international law paradigm of R2P), or whether it rather had been a regime change. Based on primary data analysis, the paper shows that actors (most significantly the USA, France and Great Britain) contributing with a theoretically impartial military force, despite the immediate positive humanitarian outcome, helped significantly to overthrow the regime of Muammar Gaddafi. Due to the specifics of the operation, it can rather be described as a hidden regime change - a definition is also offered in the thesis. Based on the theoretical framework created by Michael Reisman, the author also assesses legitimacy of such deeds. The text is divided into three main chapters. Chapter one gives an account of broader context of just war theories, humanitarian intervention and regime change concepts. In the second...
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Responsibility to Protect and Regime Change: Case of Libya
Koucká, Kateřina ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
The aim of this work is to analyze the relationship between R2P and violent regime change. The work gives an overview of the establishment of R2P on the international scene, and then deals with its problem of selectivity in its application in practice. Despite the formal adoption of R2P in 2005 by all UN member states, R2P has been since then applied to similar cases of humanitarian crises in different ways. The problem of selectivity of R2P is fuelling the criticism of its legitimacy, because it is according to many a mean for achieving regime change. The most important reason for R2P's criticism is the connection between R2P and violent regime change, and that is the central theme of this work. Based on an analysis of the documents which form R2P, the work concludes that military intervention under R2P must not be deliberately used for regime change. However, there may be situations, when regime change is necessary for the protection of civilians; which means that regime change can be regarded as legitimate only if it is as an indirect result of the intervention. Therefore regime change is an integral part of R2P. The work aims to explore this ambivalent relationship and find out, where lies the boundary between legitimate overthrowing of a régime for the protection of civilians, and regime...
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Non-violent resistance: Case Study Egypt
Hodorová, Barbora ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Kochan, Jan (referee)
This thesis is devoted to the issue of non-violent resistance. It focuses on identifying factors that affect the success of non-violent campaigns. The paper presents and compares different types of resistance in achieving strategic objectives, particularly in terms of post-conflict democratic order of the country. The central premise of this thesis is that nonviolent campaigns bring a more fertile ground for developing a democratic regime opposed to their violent counterparts. The analyzed object in this paper is the Arab Spring in Egypt, specifically the course and the outcome of this non-violent revolution of 2011. The aim of this study is to identify the factors that influenced the course of the uprising and which ultimately led to the backfiring of this seemingly successful non-violent struggle in Egypt.
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Tulipánová revolúcia: očakávania verzus realita
Zalánová, Zuzana ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Prorok, Vladimír (referee)
The dissertation deals with the phenomenon of hybrid regimes, specifically applied to the case of Kyrgyzstan. The main emphasis is placed on the 2005 Tulip Revolution and the regime of Kurmanbek Bakiyev installed by this event. Applying the theoretical concepts of hybrid regimes and regime change, the dissertation verifies the hypothesis that Kyrgyzstan's post-2005 political system retained its hybrid character and kept being neither a democracy nor an authoritarian regime. In this light, the Tulip Revolution brought about only a change of the leadership (as usual in coups d'état), not regime change (as might have been ushered by a democratic revolution).
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